5 인증 프론트엔드 통합

프론트엔드에서의 인증

  • 로그인

    • 로그인 후 백엔드 서비스로부터 받은 토큰을 로컬 스코리지에 저장해 놓고 요청을 보낼 때마다 헤더에 Bearer 토큰으로 지정

  • 회원가입

  • 리디렉션

    • 백엔드에 HTTP 요청을 보냈을 때 403이 리턴되면 로그인 페이지로 리디렉트

5.1 라우팅

5.1.1 react-router-dom

  • react-router-dom

npm install react-router-dom

5.1.2 react-router-dom 라이브러리가 필요한 이유

서버 사이드 라우팅 vs 클라이언트 사이드 라우팅

5.1.3 로그인 컴포넌트

  • 로그인 컴포넌트

  • AppRouter 컴포넌트

  • index.js 수정

5.1.4 접근 거부 시 로그인 페이지로 라우팅하기

ApiService

import { API_BASE_URL } from "../app-config";
const ACCESS_TOKEN = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

export function call(api, method, request) {
  let headers = new Headers({
    "Content-Type": "application/json",
  });
  const accessToken = localStorage.getItem("ACCESS_TOKEN");
  if (accessToken && accessToken !== null) {
    headers.append("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken);
  }

  let options = {
    headers: headers,
    url: API_BASE_URL + api,
    method: method,
  };
  if (request) {
    // GET method
    options.body = JSON.stringify(request);
  }

  return fetch(options.url, options)
    .then((response) =>
      response.json().then((json) => {
        if (!response.ok) {
          // response.ok가 true이면 정상적인 리스폰스를 받은것, 아니면 에러 리스폰스를 받은것.
          return Promise.reject(json);
        }
        return json;
      })
    )
    .catch((error) => {
      console.log(error.status);
      if (error.status === 403) {
       window.location.href = "/login";
      }
      return Promise.reject(error);
    });
}

5.2 로그인 페이지

5.2.1 로그인을 위한 API 서비스 메서드 작성

ApiService

  • signin 함수

export function signin(userDTO) {
  return call("/auth/signin", "POST", userDTO).then((response) => {
    console.log("response : ", response);
    alert("로그인 토큰" + response.token);
  });
}

Login.js

import React from "react";
import { signin } from "./service/ApiService";
import Button from "@material-ui/core/Button";
import TextField from "@material-ui/core/TextField";
import Grid from "@material-ui/core/Grid";
import Typography from "@material-ui/core/Typography";
import { Container, Link } from "@material-ui/core";

class Login extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
  }

  handleSubmit(event) {
    event.preventDefault();
    const data = new FormData(event.target);
    const email = data.get("email");
    const password = data.get("password");
    signin({ email: email, password: password });
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <Container component="main" maxWidth="xs" style={{ marginTop: "8%" }}>
        <Grid container spacing={2}>
          <Grid item xs={12}>
            <Typography component="h1" variant="h5">
              로그인
            </Typography>
          </Grid>
        </Grid>
        <form noValidate onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
          {" "}
          {/* submit 버튼을 누르면 handleSubmit이 실행됨. */}
          <Grid container spacing={2}>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <TextField
                variant="outlined"
                required
                fullWidth
                id="email"
                label="이메일 주소"
                name="email"
                autoComplete="email"
              />
            </Grid>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <TextField
                variant="outlined"
                required
                fullWidth
                name="password"
                label="패스워드"
                type="password"
                id="password"
                autoComplete="current-password"
              />
            </Grid>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <Button
                type="submit"
                fullWidth
                variant="contained"
                color="primary"
              >
                로그인
              </Button>
            </Grid>
          </Grid>
        </form>
      </Container>
    );
  }
}

export default Login;

5.2.2 로그인에 성공

ApiService

  • signin 함수

export function signin(userDTO) {
  return call("/auth/signin", "POST", userDTO).then((response) => {
    if (response.token) {
      window.location.href = "/";
    }
  });
}

5.3 로컬 스토리지를 이용한 액세스 토큰 관리

5.3.1 로컬 스토리지

  • 웹 스토리지

    • 사용자의 브라우저에 데이터를 kwy-value 형태로 저장 가능 (쿠키와 비슷)

    • 종류

      • 세션 스토리지

        • 브라우저를 닫으면 사라짐

      • 로컬 스토리지

        • 브라우저를 닫아도 사라지지 않음

    • 개발자 도구 → Application → Storage → Local Storage, Session Storage, IndexedDB, Web SQL, Cookies

5.3.2 액세스 토큰 저장

로그인 시 받은 토큰을 로컬 스토리지에 저장

  • ApiService

    • signin function

export function signin(userDTO) {
  return call("/auth/signin", "POST", userDTO).then((response) => {
    if (response.token) {
      localStorage.setItem(ACCESS_TOKEN, response.token);
      window.location.href = "/";
    }
  });
}

모든 API의 헤더에 액세스 토큰을 추가

로그인에 관련되지 않은 모든 API 콜은 call 메서드를 통해 이루어지므로, 반복을 피하기 위해서는 call에 토큰이 존재하는 경우 헤더에 추가하는 로직 작성

  • ApiService

    • Header

import { API_BASE_URL } from "../app-config";
const ACCESS_TOKEN = "ACCESS_TOKEN";

export function call(api, method, request) {
  let headers = new Headers({
    "Content-Type": "application/json",
  });
  const accessToken = localStorage.getItem("ACCESS_TOKEN");
  if (accessToken && accessToken !== null) {
    headers.append("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken);
  }

  let options = {
    headers: headers,
    url: API_BASE_URL + api,
    method: method,
  };
  if (request) {
    // GET method
    options.body = JSON.stringify(request);
  }

  return fetch(options.url, options)
    .then((response) =>
      response.json().then((json) => {
        if (!response.ok) {
          // response.ok가 true이면 정상적인 리스폰스를 받은것, 아니면 에러 리스폰스를 받은것.
          return Promise.reject(json);
        }
        return json;
      })
    )
    .catch((error) => {
      console.log(error.status);
      // if (error.status === 403) {
      //   window.location.href = "/login";
      // }
      window.location.href = "/login";
      return Promise.reject(error);
    });
}

export function signin(userDTO) {
  return call("/auth/signin", "POST", userDTO).then((response) => {
    if (response.token) {
      localStorage.setItem(ACCESS_TOKEN, response.token);
      window.location.href = "/";
    }
  });
}

5.4 로그아웃과 글리치 해결

5.4.1 로그아웃 서비스

  • ApiService

    • signout

export function signout() {
  localStorage.setItem(ACCESS_TOKEN, null);
  window.location.href = "/login";
}

5.4.2 내비게이션 바와 로그아웃

  • Add NavigationBar at App component

import React from "react";
import "./App.css";
import Todo from "./Todo.js";
import AddTodo from "./AddTodo.js";
import {
  Paper,
  List,
  Container,
  Grid,
  Button,
  AppBar,
  Toolbar,
  Typography,
} from "@material-ui/core";
import { call, signout } from "./service/ApiService.js";

class App extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      items: [],
    };
  }
  
  componentDidMount() {
    call("/todo", "GET", null).then((response) =>
      this.setState({ items: response.data })
    );
  }

  add = (item) => {
    call("/todo", "POST", item).then((response) =>
      this.setState({ items: response.data })
    );
  };

  delete = (item) => {
    call("/todo", "DELETE", item).then((response) =>
      this.setState({ items: response.data })
    );
  };

  update = (item) => {
    call("/todo", "PUT", item).then((response) =>
      this.setState({ items: response.data })
    );
  };

  render() {
    var todoItems = this.state.items.length > 0 && (
      <Paper style={{ margin: 16 }}>
        <List>
          {this.state.items.map((item, idx) => (
            <Todo
              item={item}
              key={item.id}
              delete={this.delete}
              update={this.update}
            />
          ))}
        </List>
      </Paper>
    );

    var navigationBar = (
      <AppBar position="static">
        <Toolbar>
          <Grid justify="space-between" container>
            <Grid item>
              <Typography variant="h6">오늘의 할일</Typography>
            </Grid>
            <Grid>
              <Button color="inherit" onClick={signout}>
                로그아웃
              </Button>
            </Grid>
          </Grid>
        </Toolbar>
      </AppBar>
    );

    return ( <div className="App">        
            {navigationBar}
            <Container maxWidth="md">
              <AddTodo add={this.add} />
              <div className="TodoList">{todoItems}</div>
            </Container></div>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

5.4.3 UI 글리치 해결

  • App.js

    • loading . . 

import React from "react";
import "./App.css";
import Todo from "./Todo.js";
import AddTodo from "./AddTodo.js";
import {
  Paper,
  List,
  Container,
  Grid,
  Button,
  AppBar,
  Toolbar,
  Typography,
} from "@material-ui/core";
import { call, signout } from "./service/ApiService.js";

class App extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      items: [],
      loading: true,
    };
  }
  componentDidMount() {
    call("/todo", "GET", null).then((response) =>
      this.setState({ items: response.data, loading: false })
    );
  }

  add = (item) => {
    call("/todo", "POST", item).then((response) =>
      this.setState({ items: response.data })
    );
  };

  delete = (item) => {
    call("/todo", "DELETE", item).then((response) =>
      this.setState({ items: response.data })
    );
  };

  update = (item) => {
    call("/todo", "PUT", item).then((response) =>
      this.setState({ items: response.data })
    );
  };

  render() {
    var todoItems = this.state.items.length > 0 && (
      <Paper style={{ margin: 16 }}>
        <List>
          {this.state.items.map((item, idx) => (
            <Todo
              item={item}
              key={item.id}
              delete={this.delete}
              update={this.update}
            />
          ))}
        </List>
      </Paper>
    );

    var navigationBar = (
      <AppBar position="static">
        <Toolbar>
          <Grid justify="space-between" container>
            <Grid item>
              <Typography variant="h6">오늘의 할일</Typography>
            </Grid>
            <Grid>
              <Button color="inherit" onClick={signout}>
                로그아웃
              </Button>
            </Grid>
          </Grid>
        </Toolbar>
      </AppBar>
    );
    var todoListPage = (
      <div>
        {navigationBar}
        <Container maxWidth="md">
          <AddTodo add={this.add} />
          <div className="TodoList">{todoItems}</div>
        </Container>
      </div>
    );

    var loadingPage = <h1>Loading . . .</h1>;

    var content = loadingPage;

    if (!this.state.loading) {
      content = todoListPage;
    }
    return <div className="App">{content}</div>;
  }
}

export default App;

5.5 계정 생성 페이지

5.5.1 계정 생성로직

  • ApiService

    • signup function

export function signup(userDTO) {
  return call("/auth/signup", "POST", userDTO);
}

  • SignUp.js

import React from "react";
import {
  Button,
  TextField,
  Link,
  Grid,
  Container,
  Typography,
} from "@material-ui/core";
import { signup } from "./service/ApiService";

class SignUp extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
  }

  handleSubmit(event) {
    event.preventDefault();
    // 오브젝트에서 form에 저장된 데이터를 맵의 형태로 바꿔줌.
    const data = new FormData(event.target);
    const username = data.get("username");
    const email = data.get("email");
    const password = data.get("password");
    signup({ email: email, username: username, password: password }).then(
      (response) => {
        // 계정 생성 성공 시 login페이지로 리디렉트
        window.location.href = "/login";
      }
    );
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <Container component="main" maxWidth="xs" style={{ marginTop: "8%" }}>
        <form noValidate onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
          <Grid container spacing={2}>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <Typography component="h1" variant="h5">
                계정 생성
              </Typography>
            </Grid>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <TextField
                autoComplete="fname"
                name="username"
                variant="outlined"
                required
                fullWidth
                id="username"
                label="유저 이름"
                autoFocus
              />
            </Grid>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <TextField
                variant="outlined"
                required
                fullWidth
                id="email"
                label="이메일 주소"
                name="email"
                autoComplete="email"
              />
            </Grid>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <TextField
                variant="outlined"
                required
                fullWidth
                name="password"
                label="패스워드"
                type="password"
                id="password"
                autoComplete="current-password"
              />
            </Grid>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <Button
                type="submit"
                fullWidth
                variant="contained"
                color="primary"
              >
                계정 생성
              </Button>
            </Grid>
          </Grid>
          <Grid container justify="flex-end">
            <Grid item>
              <Link href="/login" variant="body2">
                이미 계정이 있습니까? 로그인 하세요.
              </Link>
            </Grid>
          </Grid>
        </form>
      </Container>
    );
  }
}

export default SignUp;

  • AppRouter

    • SignUp

import React from "react";
import "./index.css";
import App from "./App";
import Login from "./Login";
import SignUp from "./SignUp";
import { BrowserRouter as Router, Routes, Route } from "react-router-dom";
import Box from "@material-ui/core/Box";
import Typography from "@material-ui/core/Typography";

function Copyright() {
  return (
    <Typography variant="body2" color="textSecondary" align="center">
      {"Copyright"}
      fsoftwareengineer, {new Date().getFullYear()}
      {"."}
    </Typography>
  );
}

class AppRouter extends React.Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <Router>
          <div>
            <Routes>
              <Route path="/login" element={<Login />} />
              <Route path="/" element={<App />} />
              <Route path="/signup" element={<SignUp />} />
            </Routes>
          </div>
          <Box mt={5}>
            <Copyright />
          </Box>
        </Router>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default AppRouter;

  • Login.js

  render() {
    return (
      <Container component="main" maxWidth="xs" style={{ marginTop: "8%" }}>
        <Grid container spacing={2}>
          <Grid item xs={12}>
            <Typography component="h1" variant="h5">
              로그인
            </Typography>
          </Grid>
        </Grid>
        <form noValidate onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
          {" "}
          {/* submit 버튼을 누르면 handleSubmit이 실행됨. */}
          <Grid container spacing={2}>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <TextField
                variant="outlined"
                required
                fullWidth
                id="email"
                label="이메일 주소"
                name="email"
                autoComplete="email"
              />
            </Grid>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <TextField
                variant="outlined"
                required
                fullWidth
                name="password"
                label="패스워드"
                type="password"
                id="password"
                autoComplete="current-password"
              />
            </Grid>
            <Grid item xs={12}>
              <Button
                type="submit"
                fullWidth
                variant="contained"
                color="primary"
              >
                로그인
              </Button>
            </Grid>
            <Link href="/signup" variant="body2">
              <Grid item>계정이 없습니까 ? 여기서 가입하세요</Grid>
            </Link>
          </Grid>
        </form>
      </Container>
    );
  }
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